The junction of the upper arm bone (humerus) with the shoulder blade (scapula) is called the glenohumeral joint. In total shoulder replacement surgery, the ball of the humerus and socket of the scapula (glenoid) are replaced with specially designed components. The humeral implant consists of a metal ball that replaces the head of the humerus, and a body and stem that are secured into the humerus. The humeral stem is made of titanium for maximum strength. The head is made of cobalt chrome to provide a smooth surface for movement with the glenoid component, which is made of medical grade plastic. The metal ball and stem units are selected by your surgeon from multiple sizes to fit the contour and shape of your humerus. This two-piece construction is known as a modular prosthesis. This modularity allows your surgeon to closely replicate your natural shoulder. Orthopaedic surgeons can do two types of shoulder replacement. If your surgeon uses only the metal humeral components, the procedure is called a hemi-arthroplasty. If your surgeon uses both the humeral components and the glenoid implant, the procedure is called a total shoulder arthroplasty. Your surgeon will decide which procedure to use based on the extent of damage to your shoulder. |